01 - In a large bowl, combine the all-purpose flour, powdered sugar, salt, and diced cold butter. Rub the butter into the dry ingredients using your fingertips or pulse in a food processor until the mixture resembles coarse sand. Add the egg yolk and drizzle in just enough cold water to bring the dough together. Flatten into a disc, wrap tightly in plastic, and refrigerate for 30 minutes.
02 - Preheat the oven to 350°F. On a lightly floured surface, roll out the chilled dough and carefully line a 9-inch tart pan. Prick the base evenly with a fork. Line the shell with parchment paper and fill with baking beans. Bake for 12 minutes, then remove the beans and parchment. Continue baking for 5–7 minutes until the crust is lightly golden. Set aside to cool slightly.
03 - In a medium saucepan, heat the whole milk and heavy cream over medium heat until steaming. Remove from heat, add the chopped bittersweet chocolate, and stir until completely melted and smooth.
04 - In a separate bowl, whisk together the granulated sugar, whole eggs, egg yolks, cornstarch, vanilla extract, and salt until smooth. Gradually pour the warm chocolate mixture into the egg mixture in a slow, steady stream, whisking constantly to temper the eggs without scrambling them.
05 - Pass the chocolate custard through a fine-mesh sieve to remove any lumps. Pour the strained filling into the pre-baked tart shell. Tap the pan gently on the counter to release any trapped air bubbles.
06 - Bake at 350°F for 30–35 minutes, until the edges are set but the center still has a slight wobble when gently shaken.
07 - Allow the flan to cool to room temperature, then refrigerate for at least 3 hours before slicing and serving. Dust with cocoa powder or serve with whipped cream if desired.